Air Conditioning systems in electric vehicles: Are they different from regular vehicles?

Key components and maintenance

An A/C system relies on several components working in unison to provide efficient cooling and heating.

One of these components is the compressor. It pressurizes and circulates the refrigerant, which is essential for cooling the cabin. The condenser then cools the hot refrigerant, converting it into a liquid state, and releases heat outside the vehicle.

Inside the cabin, the evaporator absorbs heat from the air and cools it down by evaporating the liquid refrigerant. The cooled air is then circulated throughout the cabin to maintain a pleasant temperature.

Advanced technologies such as variable speed compressors and smart temperature control help the A/C optimize its energy usage and improve its overall efficiency.

A/C systems in electric vehicles vs. gas-powered vehicles

There are four significant differences between the A/C system of an EV and that of a gas-powered vehicle.

The first, and most obvious, is the system’s power source. EVs use their main vehicle battery to power the air conditioning system, whereas gas-powered vehicles rely on the engine for power.

Another difference is that EVs can optimize energy usage while minimizing the impact on battery life. Because the EV runs its A/C off the vehicle’s main battery, the system will adjust how much it needs to run. A gas-powered vehicle’s A/C system runs with the engine. That’s why you need to get driving before the system can start to cool the air down.

Third, the A/C system in a gas-powered vehicle must fight against the heat produced by the engine. An EV produces much less heat overall.

And last, you can pre-cool your EV while it’s still plugged into a charger. This not only avoids the scorching sensation of hot leather when you take your seat; it lets you save battery charge for the drive ahead.

All these differences add up to a more energy-efficient air conditioning system in an EV.

Maintenance

Even though EVs are known for requiring less maintenance, their components still require an inspection by a trained eye from time to time. For the A/C, regular maintenance can involve the following:

• Refrigerant: have it checked and, if necessary, replaced.
• Condenser and evaporator coils: have them inspected and cleaned.
• Compressor: have it lubricated.

Routine maintenance helps prevent refrigerant leaks, maintains cooling efficiency, and extends the lifespan of the system’s components. Refer to your owner’s manual for recommended maintenance intervals.

For help in maintaining or repairing the air conditioning system in your electric vehicle, visit a NexDrive service centre to speak with an expert.